The goals of the key research area of biomolecules for a healthy lifespan are thus oriented towards (i) understanding the modes of action of biomolecules and natural products of pharmaceutical relevance in health-related biological processes at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, (ii) examining their influence on the number of years spent in good health, and (iii) identifying new biologically active natural products and their targets. The results will help to characterise biomolecules which have a positive effect on life expectancy and possibly on the number of years in good health. Additionally, this research will help to discover the mechanisms by which these biomolecules act. This topic is being discussed as a central research area within the new Horizon Europe programme.